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### Viewing cable 09STATE37561, S) REPORTING AND COLLECTION NEEDS: AFRICAN GREAT

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Reference ID | Date | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | ---
09STATE37561 | 2009-04-16 14:02 | SECRET//NOFORN | Secretary of State

`

    INFO  LOG-00   EEB-00   AF-00    AGRE-00  VIN-00   AID-00   AMAD-00
          COME-00  CTME-00  INL-00   DODE-00  DOTE-00  PERC-00  DS-00
          DHSE-00  EUR-00   OIGO-00  FAAE-00  FBIE-00  VCI-00   FO-00
          FRB-00   H-00     TEDE-00  IO-00    LAB-01   L-00     CAC-00
          MOFM-00  MOF-00   CDC-00   VCIE-00  NEA-00   DCP-00   NSAE-00
          ISN-00   OES-00   OIC-00   OMB-00   NIMA-00  CAEX-00  MCC-00
          PM-00    GIWI-00  PPT-00   SGAC-00  ISNE-00  DOHS-00  FMPC-00
          SP-00    IRM-00   DPM-00   EVR-00   NCTC-00  CBP-00   BBG-00
          R-00     EPAE-00  SCRS-00  PMB-00   DSCC-00  PRM-00   DRL-00
          G-00     SAS-00   DTT-00   FA-00    SWCI-00    /001R

    R 161411Z APR 09
    FM SECSTATE WASHDC
    TO AMEMBASSY BUJUMBURA
    AMEMBASSY KAMPALA
    AMEMBASSY KIGALI
    AMEMBASSY KINSHASA
    INFO DIA WASHINGTON DC//DHI-1B/CLM//DP//
    CIA WASHINGTON DC//NHTC// 0000

` `

    S E C R E T STATE 037561

    NOFORN

    E.O. 12958: DECL: 04/16/2034
    TAGS: PINR KSPR ECON KDEM KHIV ZF XA CF RW BY
    SUBJECT: (S) REPORTING AND COLLECTION NEEDS: AFRICAN GREAT
    LAKES (DROC, BURUNDI, RWANDA)

    REF: A. 08 KIGALI 00830--05/DEC/2008
         ¶B. 08 STATE 122706--19/NOV/2008
         ¶C. 04 STATE 101403--06/MAY/2004

    Classified By: SUZANNE MCCORMICK, DIRECTOR, INR/OPS,  REASON: 1.4(C).

    ¶1. (S/NF) This cable provides the full text of the new
    National HUMINT Collection Directive (NHCD) on African Great
    Lakes (paragraph 3-end) as well as a request for continued
    DOS reporting of biographic information relating to DROC,
    Burundi, and Rwanda (paragraph 2).

    ¶A. (S/NF) The NHCD below supersedes the NHCD contained in Ref
    C and reflects the results of a recent Washington review of
    reporting and collection needs announced in Ref B focused on
    African Great Lakes.  The review produced a comprehensive
    list of strategic priorities (paragraph 3) and reporting and
    collection needs (paragraph 4) intended to guide
    participating USG agencies as they allocate resources and
    update plans to collect information on African Great Lakes.
    We thank Kigali for its Ref A input.  The priorities should
    also serve as a useful tool to help the Embassy manage
    reporting and collection, including formulation of Mission
    Strategic Plans (MSPs).

    ¶B. (S/NF) This NHCD is compliant with the National
    Intelligence Priorities Framework (NIPF), which was
    established in response to NSPD-26 of February 24, 2003.  If
    needed, GRPO can provide further background on the NIPF and
    the use of NIPF abbreviations (shown in parentheses following
    each sub-issue below) in NHCDs.

    ¶C. (S/NF) Important information often is available to
    non-State members of the Country Team whose agencies
    participated in the review of this National HUMINT Collection
    Directive.  COMs, DCMs, and State reporting officers can
    assist by coordinating with other Country Team members to
    encourage relevant reporting through their own or State
    Department channels.  We appreciate Ref A response from
    Kigali.

    ¶2. (S/NF) State biographic reporting:

    ¶A. (S/NF) The intelligence community relies on State
    reporting officers for much of the biographical information
    collected worldwide.  Informal biographic reporting via email
    and other means is vital to the community's collection
    efforts and can be sent to the INR/B (Biographic) office for
    dissemination to the IC.

    ¶B. (S/NF) Reporting officers should include as much of the
    following information as possible when they have information
    relating to persons linked to African Great Lakes: office and
    organizational titles; names, position titles and other
    information on business cards; numbers of telephones, cell
    phones, pagers and faxes; compendia of contact information,
    such as telephone directories (in compact disc or electronic
    format if available) and e-mail listings; internet and
    intranet "handles", internet e-mail addresses, web site
    identification-URLs; credit card account numbers; frequent
    flyer account numbers; work schedules, and other relevant
    biographical information.

    ¶3. (S/NF) Priority issues and issues outline:

        ¶I. Regional Issues

            ¶A. Democratization and Political Stability
                1) Leadership Dynamics (DEPS)
                2) Rebel and Militia Groups (SRCC)
                3) Democracy and Governance (DEPS)
                4) Political Opposition (DEPS)
            ¶B. Military and Security
                1) Military Developments (FMCC)
                2) Weapons Procurement (FMCC)
                3) Police and Paramilitary Forces (CINT)
                4) GRPO can provide text of this issue.
                5) Support to US Military Contingency Planning
    (HREL)
                6) Terrorism (TERR)
            ¶C. Societal Challenges
                1) Refugees (DEMG)
                2) Human Rights and War Crimes (HRWC)
                3) Infectious Disease and Health (HLTH)
                4) Food Security and Agriculture (FOOD)
                5) Economic Stability (ECFS)
            ¶D. External Relations
                1) Regional Relations (SRCC)
                2) International Relations (FPOL)
            ¶E. Overarching Issues
           1) Media Structure and Availability (INFR)
           2) Information Systems and Telecommunications
    Infrastructure (INFR)

        II. Country-Specific Issues

            ¶A. Mineral Resources (ENVR)
            ¶B. Genocidal Legacy Issues (HRWC)

    ¶4. (S/NF) Reporting and collection needs:

    ¶I. Regional Issues

            ¶A. Democratization and Political Stability

                1) Leadership Dynamics (DEPS)

    -- Leadership dynamics and decision-making processes of key
    civilian and military officials; influence of corruption and
    patronage in decision-making.
    -- Status of relations among top leaders of African Great
    Lakes countries, especially Kigali and Kinshasa, and Kampala
    and Kinshasa.
    -- Plans and intentions regarding political succession,
    including post-election transitions; indications of coup
    plotting.
    -- Leader influence on popular opinion and popular sentiments.
    -- Influence on government leadership of religious
    organizations, interest groups, ethnic groups, and military.
    -- The role of military, intelligence, and security services
    in national policy decision-making and their control of
    government institutions and parastatals.
    -- Leadership policies and actions that cause or respond to
    political instability or economic deterioration.
    -- Leadership financial resources and personal relationships.
    -- Government and public views about and evidence of impact
    of corruption and crime on internal stability and development.
    -- Information on political stability, sources of
    instability, and nature of challenges to effective governance.
    -- Government plans and efforts to respond to threats to
    political stability; strategies for addressing underlying
    discontent.
    -- Changes inside key ministries and security forces,
    including personal dynamics, tribal politics and factions.
    -- Details on identities, motives, influence, and relations
    among principal advisors.
    -- Biographic and biometric data, including health, opinions
    toward the US, training history, ethnicity (tribal and/or
    clan), and language skills of key and emerging political,
    military, intelligence, opposition, ethnic, religious, and
    business leaders.  Data should include email addresses,
    telephone and fax numbers, fingerprints, facial images, DNA,
    and iris scans.

                    COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5; CONGO,
    DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 4; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H

               2) Rebel and Militia Groups (SRCC)

    -- Efforts by rebel or militia groups or non-state
    actors--especially entities such as the FDLR that contain
    Rwandans who participated in the 1994 genocide--to obtain
    control of or greater participation in national or local
    government; to obtain control of natural or financial
    resources; to integrate into the Congolese armed forces
    (FARDC) or to cooperate with the FARDC in the exploitation of
    economic resources.
    -- Extent of political influence of rebel or militia groups.
    -- Attitudes toward implementation of regional peace accords.
    -- Organization, leadership, order of battle, training,
    strategies and tactics of armed groups and factions,
    including those integrated into government.
    -- Efforts by rebel or militia groups to recruit government
    forces or demobilized troops/fighters.
    -- Indications of shifting alliances and factions.
    -- Indications of political and social infrastructure
    development by rebel and militia groups, including
    fundraising, recruitments, weapons and repair parts
    procurement, and propaganda.
    -- Public sympathy or antipathy toward rebel and militia
    groups.
    -- Evidence of influence or pressure on, or support for,
    rebel or militia groups from foreign governments, non-state
    actors, and Congolese diaspora.
    -- Infiltration and resupply routes used by rebel and militia
    groups.
    -- Evidence that drug trafficking, evasion of the Kimberly
    Process, or other criminal activities, including cyber crime,
    are used to finance the activities of rebel and militia
    groups.
    -- Evidence and impact of the presence of troops from
    neighboring countries and their proxy forces in Congo,
    particularly the Rwanda Defense Forces (RDF).

                    COUNTRIES: BURUNDI- PRIORITY 5; CONGO,
    DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 4; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5
                     REGIONAL REBEL GROUPS AND NON-STATE ACTORS
    WHO CARRY OUT ATROCITIES AND TERRORIST ACTIVITIES:  ALLIED
    DEMOCRATIC FORCES (ADF), DEMOCRATIC FORCES FOR THE LIBERATION
    OF RWANDA (FDLR), LORD,S RESISTANCE ARMY (LRA)-PRIORITY- 4

                3) Democracy and Governance (DEPS)

    -- Leadership views, intentions, and actions on democratic
    reforms, to include free press, treatment of opposition
    political or ethnic groups, respect for human rights, respect
    for rule of law and independent judiciary, and fair elections.
    -- Extent/effectiveness of government control over national
    territory and over cross-border flows of people and goods.
    -- Progress of or obstacles to disarmament, demobilization,
    repatriation, and reintegration (DDRR) of ex-combatants into
    a civilian society.
    -- Structure, interaction, and role of administrative,
    judicial, and legislative organs, including indications that
    they are overshadowed by personal politics.
    -- Information on effectiveness or abuse of the electoral
    system or judiciary, including government procedures to
    maintain the integrity and secrecy of the ballot during each
    phase of balloting and vote reconciliation.
    -- Details on all aspects of the electoral process, to
    include election laws, electoral procedures, election
    monitoring, balloting, and election equipment.
    -- Details on corruption in government institutions and
    efforts to reduce it.
    -- Signs of ethnic, religious, or generational polarization
    and role of ethnic, regional or class distinctions in access
    to decision-making and natural or financial resources.
    -- Information on government improvements in infrastructure,
    including in remote regions.
    -- Ability and efforts to adhere to/evade the Kimberly
    Process, and to combat illicit finance.

                COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5; CONGO, DEMOCRATIC
    REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 4; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H

                4) Political Opposition (DEPS)

    -- Activities, plans, and intentions of political opposition
    parties and individuals; sources of funding and support.
    -- Government attempts to stifle political opposition.
    -- Alliances or factions, and evidence of links to foreign
    governments or armed groups.
    -- Political opposition party leadership, organization,
    agendas, membership, and level of influence on civil society
    and military; leadership biographic data.
    -- Opposition party regional and ethnic support areas, family
    and financial networks, key patrons and clients, and internal
    alliances and rivalries
    -- Opinions of ethnic, religious, and other groups on the
    government and political opposition.

                    COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5; CONGO,
    DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 4; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H

            ¶B. Military and Security

                1) Military Developments (FMCC)

    -- Military capabilities, intentions, and actions in support
    of or against existing political leadership or government
    activities.
    -- Progress of or obstacles to the integration of former
    government, rebel, and militia fighters into a new armed
    force; loyalty of units integrated from former armed
    opponents.
    -- Impact of ethnic, political, regional, or tribal divisions
    within the military and other security forces on morale,
    readiness, placement of leaders, and support for the
    government.
    -- Indications of military involvement in human rights
    abuses, recruiting of children, criminal or corrupt activity,
    or anti-government insurgency.
    -- Loyalties, cohesion, discord, rivalries, competing agendas
    or ambitions, and signs of dissension within military
    leadership, officer corps, and ranks; evidence of
    corruption/criminal activity in the military or security
    forces and effects on preparedness.
    -- Extent and effects of ethnic and political divisions
    within the military and between the military and political
    leadership.
    -- Attitudes toward AFRICOM; willingness to cooperate with
    AFRICOM.
    -- Ability and willingness to cooperate with forces from
    neighboring countries and deployed peacekeeping forces to
    manage threats.
    -- Personnel strength levels, force structure, doctrine,
    modernization plans, training, discipline, professionalism,
    morale, order of battle, logistics, combat effectiveness, and
    capabilities of military services.
    -- Details on military facilities, such as airfields and army
    camps, and on military equipment, including numbers,
    operational status, and procurement/refurbishment activity.
    -- Details about military relations with other countries,
    especially China, Libya, Sudan, North Korea, Iran, Russia,
    Ukraine, Belarus and other former Soviet bloc countries.
    -- Details about foreign military assistance and training.
    -- Attitudes toward and impact of US military training.
    -- Details on defense budget by function and service.
    -- Development and implementation of mechanisms for civil
    control of the military.
    -- Public attitudes towards the military and other security
    forces.

                    COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5H; CONGO,
    DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 5H; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H

                2) Weapons Procurement (FMCC)

     -- Details of arms acquisitions and arms sales by government
    or insurgents, including negotiations, contracts, deliveries,
    terms of sale, quantity and quality of equipment, and price
    and payment terms.
    -- Transfer of strategic materials such as uranium.
    -- Information on insurgent groups' weapons and material
    entry and transshipment points, routes, and destinations.
    -- Indications of smuggling and weapons and weapons repair
    parts trafficking.
    -- Factory markings and paint/color schemes on all
    arms/weapon systems and their munitions acquired or produced
    locally.

                    COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5H; CONGO,
    DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 5H; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H

                3) Police and Paramilitary Forces (CINT)

    -- Non-military security force loyalties, leadership,
    capabilities, organization, size, locations, and ethnic
    composition.
    -- Roles and missions of various units.
    -- Evidence of splits within police and paramilitary forces.
    -- Evidence of contact and cooperation with rebel groups.
    -- Ability to maintain local security without intervention or
    assistance of military forces.
    -- Reports of misconduct, human rights violations, or
    involvement in illegal/illicit activities, or the misuse of
    foreign training funds or equipment.
    -- Evidence of conflict between security forces and the
    military.

                    COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5H; CONGO,
    DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 5H; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H

                4) GRPO can provide text of this issue and
    related requirements.

                5) Support to US Military Contingency Planning
    (HREL)

    -- Details on developments that could prompt US contingency
    planning for non-combatant evacuation operations (NEO) or
    humanitarian assistance.
    -- Host nation support for evacuation or humanitarian
    assistance by US forces (AFRICOM), including host nation
    ability and willingness to protect US citizens and/or
    facilities.
    -- Government plans and capabilities to cope with
    emergencies, including civilian and military response, or to
    request or accept assistance from the US, UN, or others.
    -- Government or other organizations' plans to work with UN
    and international donor and NGO groups in relief and
    reconstruction efforts, resettlement programs, and
    development assistance.
    -- Details on obstacles to aid distribution and
    implementation of humanitarian aid programs.
    -- Details of emergency infrastructure, including locations,
    descriptions, and capabilities of military, police, and fire
    response resources.
    -- Location and description of third-country diplomatic and
    aid/NGO facilities, and of leaders' residences and alternate
    locations.
    -- Information on the character and severity of existing or
    potential future humanitarian crises resulting from natural
    disasters or from internal or regional violence.
    -- Description and locations of potential evacuation sites,
    hospitals, hotels, government installations, religious sites
    and shrines, civilian institutions including schools and
    stadiums, diplomatic facilities, educational and medical
    facilities, and culturally significant sites.
    -- Evacuation routes, including chokepoints and potential
    impediments.
    -- Volcanic activity on the Congo (Kinshasa)/Rwanda border.

                    COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5H; CONGO,
    DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 4; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H

              6) Terrorism (TERR)

    -- Individuals and organizations supporting international
    terrorism, including legitimate businesses and financial
    transactions, money laundering, drug trafficking, logistical
    support, cyber crime, and document forgeries.
    -- Extent to which ethnic, tribal, religious and regional
    fragmentation could serve to attract international terrorist
    groups.
    -- Evidence of transit and safe haven by transnational and
    regional terrorist groups.
    -- Vulnerability of populace to Islamic extremism.
    -- Evidence of domestic terrorist groups.
    -- Indications of funding from Gulf-based financiers or NGOs.

                    COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5H; CONGO,
    DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 5H; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H
                    INTERNATIONAL TERRORIST GROUPS:  HIZBALLAH
    (LEBANESE)-PRIORITY 1
                     REGIONAL REBEL GROUPS AND NON-STATE ACTORS
    WHO CARRY OUT ATROCITIES AND TERRORIST ACTIVITIES:  ALLIED
    DEMOCRATIC FORCES (ADF), DEMOCRATIC FORCES FOR THE LIBERATION
    OF RWANDA (FDLR), LORD,S RESISTANCE ARMY (LRA)-PRIORITY- 4

             ¶C. Societal Challenges

                1) Refugees (DEMG)

    -- Government plans, policies, and efforts regarding refugees
    and internally displaced persons (IDPs).
    -- Government capability and willingness to absorb, register,
    assist, and protect refugees and IDPs.
    -- Government capability and willingness to protect and
    assist NGO and aid agency personnel.
    -- Plans and intentions of rebel forces to cooperate, hinder,
    or manipulate aid for refugees and IDPs.
    -- Indications of rebel or militia forces infiltrating
    refugee camps or groups, or using such camps/groups to mask
    their activities.
    -- Public attitudes for or against repatriation of IDPs or
    refugees.
    -- Information on neighboring country efforts regarding
    refugees and IDPs.
    -- Number, location, and size of refugee and IDP areas (to
    include hospitals, churches, and other de facto IDP areas as
    well as traditional camps); transit routes used by refugees
    and IDPs.
    -- Numbers, age, gender, ethnicity, general health and
    security conditions, nature and extent of critical needs of
    refugees and IDPs.
    -- Factors driving refugee movements; links between refugee
    movements and political and economic stability.
    -- Indications that the inability of returning refugees to
    reclaim their land is contributing to instability.
    -- Details of cross-border criminal activity, including
    travel routes and nodes, transshipment sites, communications,
    and financial facilitators, especially for human smuggling
    and trafficking.
    -- Attitudes toward women; women,s legal rights, especially
    rights to education, work, land ownership, and inheritance.
    -- Process and effects of migration and demographic shifts
    within and among regional nations, including movement from
    rural to urban areas and youth bulge.
    -- Details about geographic distribution of population and
    internal migration.
    -- Information on population density, population growth, age
    breakdowns, economic and housing characteristics, ethnic and
    religious affiliations, occupations, literacy, educational
    attainment, access to electricity, water, and sanitation.

                    COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5; CONGO,
    DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 3; RWANDA- PRIORITY 3

                2) Human Rights and War Crimes (HRWC)

    -- Plans, intentions, and actions of rebel and militia
    groups, federal and state government officials, military,
    intelligence and other security services, to commit human
    rights violations, including mass killings, extra judicial
    killing, forced disappearance, torture, sexually based
    violence, arbitrary arrest, police brutality, and persecution
    of minorities and ethnic factions.
    -- Indications that policies targeting civilians could be
    perceived as strategically advantageous to a government,
    rebel, or militia group.
    -- Indications of leaders, failure to instill discipline
    within armies, rebel groups, or militias that could lead to
    human rights violations and abuses.
    --  Ethnic/regional tensions that might fuel genocidal
    activity, including scapegoating or calls for violence
    against noncombatants of a particular ethnic, regional, or
    political group by government, rebel, or militia groups.
    -- Indications of mobilization or force posturing directed
    against civilians.
    -- Threats against or denial of access to media, foreigners,
    or NGOs to areas of concern.
    -- Support for or response to activities of international
    criminal tribunals, including the International Criminal
    Court.
    -- Ability and willingness of all levels of government to
    promote human rights.
    -- Details on government policies, procedures, and efforts
    regarding prevention of human rights abuses, including
    efforts to marginalize specific groups of people.
    -- Efforts of the police and military to uphold or violate
    human rights.
    -- Government intentions to follow through on investigations
    and prosecution of human rights abuses.
    -- Indications that ambiguity between civilians and
    combatants could lead to violence against civilians.
    -- Plans and activities of the government to use food, or
    other government-controlled commodities, as a political tool.
    -- Evidence of attacks or planned attacks on peacekeepers and
    humanitarian aid workers; limitations on the activities of
    NGOs.
    -- Evidence that humanitarian aid agencies are preparing for
    an increase in the number of civilian casualties or refugees.
    -- Evidence that truth and reconciliation activities or war
    crimes trials are increasing or decreasing tension or
    fostering or alleviating instability.
    -- Landmine or explosive remnant of war (ERW) casualties and
    evidence of mine stockpiling; government intentions to clear
    landmine/ERW areas.

                    COUNTRIES: BURUNDI- PRIORITY 4; CONGO,
    DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 3; RWANDA- PRIORITY 4

                3) Infectious Disease and Health (HLTH)

    -- Government plans, policies, and capabilities to prevent,
    control, and treat existing and emerging disease outbreaks,
    particularly HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, polio, and
    avian influenza.
    -- Details of infectious diseases and general health
    conditions including number of cases, percentage, fatalities,
    dates, and areas of occurrence. Also if possible, provide
    historical data in order to compare recent data collection.
    -- HIV statistics, including percentage of military, police
    force, and orphans that are HIV positive.
    --Information concerning the influence of traditional healers
    on infectious diseases as well as endemic health issues.
    -- Details on drug resistant strains, including malaria,
    HIV/AIDS, avian influenza, and tuberculosis.
    --Information concerning maternal and child health, in terms
    of access to prenatal care, statistics on the types of
    pregnancy-related poor outcomes related to infant and/or
    maternal morbidity/mortality, and access to well-baby clinics.
    -- Access to care information, including regions and
    populations with access to advanced levels of care and those
    without basic prevention and treatment needs.
    -- Information on medical professionals, including number of
    personnel by type (nurse, physician, midwife, etc.), medical
    specialty, and location (urban or rural).
    -- Education and training requirements for medical
    professionals; locations of institutions where training is
    available.
    -- Information on medical facilities/hospitals, including
    capabilities, personnel, training, equipment, etc.  Disaster
    response capability/plan.
    -- Details about contaminated food, water, air, and soil and
    the effect on health.  Toxic industrial chemical
    contamination, including types of industrial facilities,
    chemicals on site, and products being generated.
    -- Details on water, food, and vector-borne diseases,
    including location, prevalence, and virulence.
    -- Government efforts to protect the population from zoonotic
    (animal to human transmission capable) diseases; details on
    the stockpile and storage of vaccines.
    -- Information on drug addiction treatment facilities.
    -- Information on mental health issues, including the
    government,s willingness to report, the types and severity
    of mental health problems, and access to care.
    -- Chronic disease information, including types and access to
    treatment, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

                    COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5H; CONGO,
    DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 4; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H

                4) Food Security and Agriculture (FOOD)

    -- Government policies, plans, intentions, and actions
    regarding food security and food safety, and willingness to
    cooperate with UN and other donor agencies.
    -- Nutritional status of population, including refugees.
    -- Indications that rising food prices are adversely
    affecting nutritional status and/or contributing to
    instability; use of subsidies or export/import bans.
    -- Yields and prospects for cash and subsistence crops;
    changes in agricultural practices, such as cropping patterns
    and crop selection; use/availability of seeds and fertilizers.
    -- Government acceptance of genetically modified food and
    propagation of genetically modified crops.
    -- Status of structural adjustments and infrastructure
    improvements to increase agricultural producer income and
    reduce migration to urban areas.
    -- Information on surface and groundwater resources, to
    include sources, treatment, distribution and storage.
    -- Indications that deforestation, desertification, erosion
    and degradation of soils are affecting agricultural output.
    -- Food contamination affecting population health.
    -- Indications of invasive species, especially those
    affecting food security or development.
    -- Indications of water table degradation, decreases in lake
    levels below historic norms, or evidence of territorial
    disputes associated with declining water resources or quality.

                    COUNTRIES: BURUNDI- PRIORITY 5; CONGO,
    DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 5; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H

                5) Economic Stability (ECFS)

    -- Overall economic status, including government plans and
    will to implement free-market reform, to ensure consistent
    regulations, and to uphold the rule of law on economic issues.
    --  Government plans and intentions to address economic
    effects of war and conflict, such as shortages of fuel,
    electric power, and food; unemployment; and wage arrears,
    particularly the inability to pay troops.
    -- Fiscal policies and investment strategies, financial and
    commercial links within and outside the region, status of
    foreign currency reserves, and positions on bilateral and
    multilateral economic issues and negotiations.
    -- Details of Chinese trade, aid, and investment activities.
    -- Public and expert perceptions of the effect on economic
    performance of corruption among government and business
    elites and of the competence of economic administrators.
    -- Policies and actions to attract foreign investment; plans
    and intentions of foreign nationals or companies to invest or
    start up new business ventures.
    -- Government strategy and objectives for engagement with
    international financial institutions--World Bank, IMF,
    African Development Bank--for loans, grants, debt management,
    and restructuring.
    -- Details on economic assistance needs and requests,
    including donors, projects, and effectiveness of current or
    proposed aid.
    -- Status of raw materials industries, including plans to
    develop/exploit resource deposits.
    -- Government plans and objectives regarding land
    reallocation; effects of land reallocation on indigenous
    population, commercial farmers, militant interest groups, and
    its impact on foreign investment.
    -- Indications of ethnic/regional tensions over resources,
    such as land and water.
    -- Details on and public perception of economic growth,
    including youth employment prospects.
    -- Statistics on economic indicators, including remittances.
    -- Details, capabilities, and potentially required repairs
    and upgrades of infrastructure and lines of communication,
    such as airfields, landing zones, river ports, rail lines,
    roads, bridges, medical facilities, and electric power,
    petroleum, and water facilities.

                    COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5H; CONGO,
    DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 5H; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H

            ¶D. External Relations

                1) Regional Relations (SRCC)

    -- Policy toward and relations with regional states,
    particularly with regard to ongoing conflicts, support for
    foreign dissidents, border incursions, peace negotiations,
    refugee assistance and repatriation, trade, aid, and security
    agreements.
    -- Government views and perceptions about activities and
    intentions of regional organizations, such as the African
    Union (AU), the East African Community (EAC), and other
    regional organizations.
    -- Activities of mercenaries or private security firms in
    assisting military forces or insurgencies; mercenary or
    private security firm involvement in trafficking activities.

                    COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5; CONGO,
    DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 4; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5

                2) International Relations (FPOL)

    -- Government leader views and policies toward the US,
    AFRICOM, and international organizations; plans and
    intentions to support or oppose US positions in international
    fora.
    -- Public and private attitudes toward the US, AFRICOM, and
    US policies.
    -- Foreign alliances and activities, especially those
    involving China and Iran.
    -- Agreements and concessions negotiated with foreign states
    and non-state actors for military, paramilitary, or economic
    assistance.
    -- Government views and perceptions about activities and
    intentions of non-regional nations and organizations,
    particularly China, Iran, France, UN, and the European Union
    (EU).
    -- Perceptions by the civilian population towards the UN,
    particularly improvements or failures of UN efforts to
    address human rights abuses by peacekeeping forces.
    -- Plans and efforts of countries or organizations to
    arbitrate or influence conflict resolution.
    -- Efforts to enforce or circumvent sanctions against Iran,
    North Korea, and terrorist groups.
    -- Political will and intentions of governments to
    participate in or support peacekeeping operations sponsored
    by regional organizations, such as ECOWAS, or by the UN, US,
    France, or other.
    -- Willingness to contribute forces to African Union (AU)
    Standby Brigade Forces (e.g. EASBRIG) and/or the will to
    provide meaningful participation in CEEAC - Economic
    Community of Central African States)
    -- Government plans, intentions, and capabilities to provide,
    train, equip, transport, maintain, supply, and fund
    international peacekeeping forces, including providing
    command, control, communications, and intelligence.
    -- Military willingness and capability to train with other
    nations in programs such as the US Africa Contingency
    Operations Training and Assistance (ACOTA) and Joint Combined
    Exercise for Training (JCET) programs, and to participate in
    peacekeeping operations.
    -- Local population relationship with foreign peacekeeping
    forces.
    -- Capabilities, attitudes, and behavior of peacekeepers from
    or stationed in regional nations, including understanding of
    and adherence to human rights standards.
    -- Government cooperation regarding rescue/recovery of
    US/allied POW/MIAs and detained/kidnapped US/allied citizens.

                    COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5H; CONGO,
    DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 5H; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H

            ¶E. Overarching Issues

                1) Media Structure and Availability (INFR)

    -- Government, public, and private perceptions of status of
    press freedom.
    -- Evidence of media control or manipulation, in particular
    to incite unrest, by government, opposition groups, non-state
    actors, and other groups.
    -- Details on print and broadcast media, including name,
    content, ownership, target audience, staff, broadcast
    frequency and power.
    -- Internet availability and use.
    -- Extent of, access to, and identity of, foreign television
    and radio broadcasts, and news publications.
    -- Changes to the UN commitment to provide media services in
    the eastern Congolese provinces.

                    COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5H; CONGO,
    DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 5; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H

                2) Information Systems and Telecommunications
    Infrastructure (INFR)

    -- Current specifications, vulnerabilities, capabilities, and
    planned upgrades to, national telecommunications
    infrastructure and information systems, command and control
    systems, networks, and technologies used by government,
    military, and private sector.
    -- Details about foreign assistance (especially Chinese) for
    improvements to the national telecommunications grid.
    -- National leadership use of, and dependencies on, dedicated
    telecommunications infrastructures and information systems.
    -- Details about national and regional telecommunications
    policies, programs, regulations, service providers, vendors,
    and training.
    -- Details about internet and intranet use, infrastructure,
    and government oversight.
    -- Plans and efforts to acquire U.S. export-controlled
    telecommunications technology.
    -- Details about information repositories for Radio Frequency
    Identification-enabled systems used for passports, government
    badges, and transportation systems.
    -- Official and personal phone numbers, fax numbers, and
    e-mail addresses of principal civilian and military leaders.

                     COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5H; CONGO,
    DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 5H; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H

    II.  Country Specific Issues

        ¶A. Mineral Resources (ENVR)

    -- Details on mining of diamonds, copper, cobalt, uranium,
    other minerals, and oil extraction: number and location of
    mines, production statistics and revenue generated, and
    extent of control given to China and other foreign
    governments, companies or consortiums; export statistics.
    -- Details on mineral, oil and other resource exploitation by
    rebel groups and foreign elements to include type and
    location of resources exploited, and revenue generated
    through sales, customs duties, taxation, and access control.
    -- Government ability/willingness to deal with environmental
    abuses.

                   COUNTRIES:  CONGO, DEMOCRATIC
    REPUBLIC-PRIORITY 5H

              ¶B. Genocidal Legacy Issues (HRWC)

    -- Government attitudes and intentions toward Tutsi
    survivors, Tutsis operating outside the power elite, Hutus,
    returning Hutu fighters/refugees, and Twa.
    -- Indications of increased ethnic tensions that could spark
    renewed violence.
    -- Government plans and intentions to counter ethnic violence
    or genocide; identification of government officials
    encouraging violence.
    -- Information on policies concerning human rights,
    democratization, political inclusion, reconciliation, land
    ownership and tenancy, and political prisoners.
    -- Public attitudes toward traditional judicial courts
    (gacaca) and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda.
    -- Information on participation in human rights abuses,
    including extra judicial killings by Rwanda Defense Forces
    (RDF); paramilitary, including local defense forces; police,
    security forces; or Tutsi civilians against Hutus.
    -- Divisions within President Kagame's inner circle and his
    party, the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF).
    -- Public attitudes toward the FDLR and subgroups; links
    between those groups and supporters outside the Great Lakes
    Region.
    -- Information about identification, location and arrest of
    such leaders.

                    COUNTRIES: RWANDA- PRIORITY 4

    CLINTON

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